Sources (or lack thereof)

A couple of months back, when we were discussing the sources for Love’s Labor’s Lost, we noted that that play had no literary source, one of the few times this was the case in Shakespeare’s Canon.  At that point, we mentioned that The Tempest was another that came to mind.

Well, A Midsummer Night’s Dream appears to be another.  It doesn’t have any primary literary source, though it seems that Shakespeare was influenced by a number of secondary ones:
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Act Five: THAT’s Entertainment

Act Five, Scene One (the only scene of the last act) of A Midsummer Night’s Dream begins in Duke Theseus’ palace; Theseus and his new bride Hippolyta arrive with Philostrate.  Hippolyta notes that “‘Tis strange, my Theseus, (w)hat the lovers speak of” (V.i.1).  Theseus is dismissive: “More strange than true.  I never may believe // These antique fables nor these fairy toys” (V.i.2-3).  Theseus, the warrior king, has no time for tales of fairies.

ironic that Oberon claims that Titania once had “love to Theseus” (II.i.76), no?

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Act Four: A Return to Normalcy(?)

Act Four, Scene One of A Midsummer Night’s Dream begins in the woods, with Titania and Bottom (ass-head and all), plus her fairies attending on him.  More interestingly, however, is the stage direction of “the King (Oberon) behind them” (IV.i opening stage direction); in other words, Oberon watches the first part of this scene, unseen.  Titania dotes wonderfully on Bottom:

Come, sit thee down upon this flowery bed,
While I thy amiable cheeks do coy,
And stick musk-roses in thy sleek smooth head,
And kiss thy fair large ears, my gentle joy.

— IV.i.1-4

Love is blind in an ABAB rhyme.
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Act Three: Ch-ch-ch-ch-changes

Act Three, Scene One of A Midsummer Night’s Dream takes us to … well, nowhere since we’re still in the woods.  In the Quarto edition (without Act and Scene divisions), there is no break between these two scenes: Titania is still asleep nearby onstage, and the “clowns,” our working-class “actors” enter, ready to begin their rehearsal.
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Podcast 39: A Midsummer Night’s Dream Intro

This week’s podcast kicks off our month-long discussion of A Midsummer Night’s Dream, including a few introductory thoughts, a plot synopsis of the first half of the play, a preview of the month’s podcasts to come, and our usual recap of this week’s blog entries.
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Act Two: Meet the Fairies, and Enter the Lovers

Act Two, Scene One of A Midsummer Night’s Dream takes us into the woods outside Athens, tomorrow night.

well, tonight… you know, yesterday’s tomorrow night…

And where yesterday’s Act One was filled with humans–the Athenian rulers, the aristocratic lovers, and the working-class actors–Act Two begins with a Fairy entering from one side of the stage, and Robin Goodfellow at the other.  Who is Robin Goodfellow?  Puck.
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Act One: Meet the Mortals

Act One, Scene One of A Midsummer Night’s Dream takes place in the Duke’s palace in Athens.  The Duke Theseus enters with his fiancée Hippolyta, the Philostrate (defined in the cast of characters as “Master of the Revels in the court”), and assorted others.  Theseus tells Hippolyta that only “four happy days” (I.i.2) stand between now and their “nuptial hour” (I.i.1).  He is impatient, but she says that their marriage will come quickly, as “four nights will quickly dream away the time” (I.i.8).

less than ten lines in, and already the concept of the dream is introduced…

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Time to Dream

April, with apologies to Eliot, is NOT the cruelest month this year.  Nope, not with A Midsummer Night’s Dream on tap.

Time for fun, love, comedy, mistaken love/identities, and wacky humor.

We’ve created a MND playlist on our Bill/Shakespeare Project youtube channel…
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The Two Gentlemen of Verona: Wrap Up

So the month comes to an end.  Time to say good-bye to Valentine and Proteus, our two gents from Verona.  I’m tempted to say “good riddance” as well, but I don’t hate the play.  I just didn’t like it on a first or second read.  I’d put it down at the bottom of barrel, both overall and of the comedies as well.  It’s rushed.  The characters are believable (or at my age, relatable).  I’m not bugged so much by that “gift” ending, as Silvia’s silence (of course, I think this is probably why it belongs earlier in the Canon than I placed it).
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2 Gents: Numbers overall

The Two Gentlemen of Verona

  • 2219 total lines; much shorter than average play, shorter than average comedy (average play: 2777; average comedy: 2424)
  • At 12 lines, Act Five Scene One is the shortest of its kind in the Canon
  • Act One: 378 lines; shorter than average (average play: 590, average comedy: 488)
  • Act Two: 640 lines; longer than average (average play: 568, average comedy: 495)
  • Act Three: 470 lines; shorter than average (average play: 576, average comedy: 512)
  • Act Four: 471 lines; shorter than average, but slightly longer than average comedy (average play: 563, average comedy: 460)
  • Act Five: 260 lines; shortest fifth act in the Canon; shorter than average (average play: 480, average comedy: 471)
  • 595 lines of prose (26.81% of total lines [as opposed to The Comedy of Errors: 13.31%, Titus Andronicus: 1.39%, The Taming of the Shrew: 20.82%, 1HenryVI: 0.37%, 2HenryVI: 16.64%, 3HenryVI: 0.14%, Richard III: 2.89%, and Love’s Labor’s Lost: 35.08%])
  • 176 rhyming lines (7.93% of total lines [as opposed to Comedy: 20.10%, Titus: 2.42%, Taming: 3.93%, 1HenryVI: 9.79%, 2HenryVI: 3.16%, 3HenryVI: 5.37%, Richard III: 7.55%, and LLL: 40.86%])
  • 20 scenes; slightly less than average, though more than average comedy (average play: 21; average comedy: 16)
  • only 17 characters (less than average [average play: 36, average comedy: 22])